A pathological formation such as papilloma can appear in any person.Moreover, the older he is, the greater their number in the body can be.To answer the question why papillomas appear on human skin, it is necessary to study their nature in more detail.These formations are small benign tumors that develop from epithelial cells.They are located on the epidermis in the form of an irregularly shaped droplet.Sometimes papillomas do not appear on the body, but on the mucous membrane, ligaments and some organs.
The pathogen that causes the appearance of papillomas in the body is the human papillomavirus (HPV).Once it enters the body, it remains there forever.
The types
Experts distinguish more than a hundred types of these neoplasms.Fortunately, 5 of them appear most often in the human body.They all differ from each other:
- simple,occurring in the upper extremities.They can exist for decades, but sometimes disappear on their own.They are more often seen in children and adolescents.
- flat,common on the neck, face, upper limbs.Sometimes they are a major factor in skin inflammation.
- soles,causing great discomfort and severe pain.They touch the feet.
- like threadcommon in adults and the elderly.Most often they are formed on the neck, groin and armpit.Such papillomas are often located in the eye area.
- pointed,which are often called condyloma.They form in the genitals and are very dangerous.
INFECTION
Understanding why papilloma appears in the body, it is necessary to understand how the virus enters the body.There are the following ways to get infected with HPV:
- contact and family;
- sexual;
- generic.
The pathogen also penetrates through microscopic damage to the skin.Infection of newborns occurs in the birth canal of the mother - a carrier of the papillomavirus.After infection, the child often develops anogenital warts or develops laryngeal papillomatosis.
Reasons for submission
Of course, the main reason for the formation of papillomas is HPV, but sometimes it does not appear for years and under favorable conditions it begins to develop actively in the body.There are various factors that provoke the progression of the disease.Causes of papilloma:
- low immunity;
- frequent infectious diseases;
- depression and stress conditions;
- alcoholism;
- prolonged use of drugs, especially antibiotics;
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- visiting public places such as saunas, baths, swimming pools, beaches.
Despite the fact that the causes of the appearance of the virus are different, the combination of several provocative factors causes the growth of a large number of tumors in the body.
The risk of papillomas
A person with HPV is at risk of developing cancer, as some types of papillomavirus are distinguished by their high oncogenicity.
They are often the main cause of the appearance of malignant tumors in the genital area.Tumors develop more often in older people, although recently they have also appeared in quite young women.
Papillomavirus often causes erosion of the cervix, which increases the risk of cancer.For men, the virus does not pose a particular risk, as the likelihood that they will develop malignant tumors is very low.Papillomas on the genitals create a certain discomfort, which can interfere with a full sex life.
These tumors in the body are often damaged.Injury and infection of papillomas located in places of friction of clothing and in the bends of limbs are especially dangerous.
Very often, when shaving, men damage the formations located on the face and neck.But any mechanical damage can lead to infection and their degeneration into a malignant tumor.
Signs and diagnosis
After HPV enters the body, the incubation period lasts 2-3 months.In some cases it can last for several years.At the same time, the virus is not detected in any way, but under favorable conditions, papillomas appear quickly in the body.Signs of these neoplasms:
- Simple papillomashard with a rough surface.Their size can vary from 1 mm to several millimeters.They are often located in groups.They form in the palms, fingers and popliteal cavities.Such papillomas grow when the immune system does not work well.
- Flat papillomasThe color is practically indistinguishable from the skin tone.They resemble cones with a flat top.These formations often become red and itchy.
- Foot formationsvery reminiscent of a callus.In the initial stage of development, small lump-like neoplasms appear, which gradually turn into a papilloma with a characteristic rim.Next to her appear formations of smaller girls.
- Filiform papillomaThey are yellow cones that gradually increase in length.Their size can reach 1-6 mm.
- Condylomas acuminataappear when the immune system malfunctions.In good health, this type of virus can lie dormant for decades.Under the influence of provocative factors, characteristic formations appear on the genitals.In men, they are located in the scrotum, head of the penis and frenulum.In women, they appear on the clitoris, cervix, labia, vagina and anus.These painless formations, ranging in size from 1 mm to several centimeters, have a thin stalk.They have a fleshy, pink or reddish hue.
A dermatologist will help diagnose a specific type of HPV.Specialists such as urologists and gynecologists examine the genital organs for the presence of tumors.To determine the oncogenicity of the papilloma, a blood test is performed using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and DNA diagnostics.As a rule, the specialist suggests conducting the same studies for the patient's sexual partner.
Women, in addition to the above analyses, undergo colposcopy and biopsy of the genital organs.Patients whose papillomavirus is oncogenic undergo medical examinations at the gynecologist twice a year.Pregnancy planning includes the diagnosis and preliminary treatment of the virus.If genital warts are detected in a pregnant woman, the specialist recommends removing these tumors.
Treatment
Papillomas can be treated using different methods.Most often they are removed using various modern methods.These include:
- cryodestruction;
- laser destruction;
- thermocoagulation;
- chemical destruction;
- radiosurgical removal.
If HPV is detected in the body, conservative treatment is prescribed, during which special medications are used.They stop the virus from multiplying and increase the activity of immune cells.When the cervix is affected, special ointments are also used, which are applied topically.Papillomavirus treatment should be comprehensive.
Preventing
Removing these tumors is much more difficult than preventing their occurrence.Knowing why papillomas appear on the body, a person can protect himself as much as possible from infection with this virus.To do this, it is not enough to eliminate the causes of the disease, but it is necessary to carry out restorative therapy regularly.You must also follow all the rules of personal hygiene.
Since no one is immune from the papillomavirus, it is necessary to strengthen the body's immune system, maintain hygiene, practice protected sex, and treat diseases of the nervous system immediately.If these tumors appear, you should definitely undergo an examination by a doctor, who will determine the type of HPV and recommend treatment.